With the closure of in 1960 and in 1962, — popular as a tourist attraction as much as a means of transport — was left as the only public tram system in the UK until the opened in 1992.
The region also has a reputation for drama serials and has produced some the most successful and acclaimed series of recent decades, including , , , and.
Expounded by and the Manchester Guardian, the movement's greatest success was the repeal of the , protests against which had led to the 1819 in Manchester.
Map of all English Premier and football league teams
Northern councils, which were Labour strongholds often with very left-wing leadership such as and the so-called "" , had high-profile conflicts with the national government.